Many gooseberries Krasnoslavyanskiy consider one of the best dessert varieties. It is appreciated for the exquisite taste of purple berries and high frost resistance. We learn how to plant and grow this productive variety.
gooseberry variety "Krasnoslavyansky"
gooseberries “Krasnoslavyansky” are sweet, with tender and juicy pulp
variety "Krasnoslavyansky" is very fruitful and unpretentious
Variety breeding history
The Krasnoslavyansky gooseberry was created by breeders of the Leningrad fruit and vegetable experimental station. A new hybrid was introduced to the State Register in 1992. A new variety was recommended for cultivation in the Central region.
Description of the bush and berries of the Krasnoslavyansky gooseberry
A brief botanical description of gooseberry Krasnoslavyanskiy:
- Bushes. Medium height and slightly spreading. Height - up to 1.5 m. Shoots of medium thickness, unevenly colored - brown at the base, and then green. There are a lot of thorns - thick needles are evenly spaced along the entire length of the shoots.
- Leaves. Small, rounded, deep green, matte, with a slight sheen. From the inside - pubescence.
- Flowers. Medium in size, bell-shaped. Color is pale yellow. Brushes - one- and two-flowered. The plant has flowers for women and men.
- Fruit. Large, weighing 6-7 g. When ripe, they acquire a dark red color. The berries are fragrant, sweet and sour. Tasting score - 4.9 out of 5 points. The shape of the fruit is round or oval. Berries are densely pubescent.
Pros and cons
Advantages of Krasnoslavyanskiy variety:
- high productivity;
- good immunity;
- early maturity;
- undemanding to leaving;
- tasty and beautiful berries;
- well transported without losing its presentation.
There are few disadvantages of the variety, but for many gardeners they can become a serious obstacle:
- strong spikes in shoots;
- average susceptibility to fungal diseases;
- rapid shedding of ripe berries.
Specifications
The Krasnoslavyansky variety is appreciated not only for the taste of berries, but also for its good agrotechnical characteristics. Learn more about this early variety.
Using
Berries are used for fresh consumption, as well as for cooking compotes, jams and preserves. Ripe berries make an excellent filling for baking, sauces for meat and fish dishes. The fruits of Krasnoslavyansk can be dried - when dried, they are very similar to raisins.
Ripening and harvesting terms
Krasnoslavyansky is a mid-season variety. Ripening amicably, the berries are ready for harvest in late July or early August. The berries of Krasnoslavyansky have the property of ripening, crumbling quickly, so it is impossible to delay harvesting.
The variety is fast-growing - the first harvest ripens within 2 years after planting. True, it is insignificant, the productivity of Krasnoslavyanskiy is gaining gradually. Peak productivity is observed by 8 years of age. Then the harvests decline. To prolong the fruiting of the bush, use anti-aging pruning.
Yield
Full harvests are harvested from bushes over 6 years old. 6-8 kg of berries are harvested from one adult plant. Up to 200 quintals of gooseberries are harvested from 1 hectare.
Storage times and transportability
The berries have a thin skin, but this does not prevent them from safely transferring transportation. The key to successful transportation is laying the fruits in thin layers. Fully ripened berries are stored for no more than two days. In the refrigerator they can be stored much longer - up to 10 days.
If there is a long-distance transportation, the fruits are harvested unripe - this way they will better tolerate transportation.
Climate and regions of cultivation
The variety, distinguished by good winter hardiness and drought resistance, as well as resistance to temperature extremes, successfully adapts to the climate of most regions of Russia. Krasnoslavyansky grows and bears fruit excellently in the Central region, in the Middle zone, Chernozem region, in the North-West.
Disease and pest resistance
The variety is quite resistant to traditional diseases of berry crops, including their main misfortune - powdery mildew. It also resists anthracnose and white spot well. It is struck by pests that are traditional for gooseberries - firepox, moth, gooseberry aphid.
The usual preventive measures help to resist diseases and pests - the destruction of fallen leaves, pruning a bush, loosening, maintaining normal soil moisture.
Drought resistance and winter hardiness
The variety tolerates drought well under the condition of spring watering. Any culture suffers prolonged droughts with consequences for the harvest, but the Krasnoslavyansky gooseberry tolerates a short-term lack of water easily. The maximum frost tolerated by this variety without shelter is minus 37 ° C.
Growing conditions
Gooseberry Krasnoslavyansky requirements for lighting, soil and landing site:
- Almost any soil is suitable for growth. But the bush gives high yields only on fertile, well-fertilized soils. An exception is acidic, highly podzolized soils - they are not suitable for gooseberries. Acidic soils are limestone in two stages - before and after planting seedlings.
- The site is chosen with good lighting. Penumbra is allowed, and shaded areas for gooseberries are not suitable. In the shade, the shoots stretch upward, become thin, and the berries become small.
- There should be no drafts on the site. It is best to plant gooseberries on slopes, elevated areas, plains. Lowlands are not good.
- It is preferable to plant bushes near fences.
- The groundwater level is at least 1.5 m. Excessive soil moisture leads to freezing of shoots. High standing groundwater leads to the death of the root system and the entire bush.
Landing features
Krasnoslavyansky gooseberry is planted according to the standard technology for this culture. The main thing is to take into account the size of the bushes and the requirements for the soil.
Dates and place of landing
Gooseberry Krasnoslavyanskiy can be planted in spring or autumn. But the best time to plant this variety is early autumn - seedlings can be planted from September to mid-October. Later it is impossible - the seedlings may not have time to take root before the onset of frost.
The distance from gooseberry bushes to trees is not less than 3 m. Gooseberries are not recommended to be planted next to stone fruit crops - such a neighborhood negatively affects productivity.
Site preparation
The landing site is prepared in advance. If the gooseberry is planted in the fall, then fertilization should be applied no later than 1.5-2 months. Spring planting is easier - all fertilizers are laid in the fall. To create favorable conditions for the seedling, you need to properly prepare the pit and the site.
The procedure for preparing the site and the landing pit:
- Sprinkle compost over a plot of about 10 kg per 1 sq. Km. m.
- Dig up the site. Digging depth - shovel bayonet.
- Prepare the soil mixture - you will fill it in the pit. The composition of the soil mixture:
- a fertile layer dug during digging a hole (10-15 cm);
- a bucket of peat;
- 2 buckets of humus;
- 200 g of superphosphate;
- 250 g of wood ash.
- Dig holes for the seedlings. The depth of the pit is 50-60 cm. The width is 45 cm. Lay a drainage layer on the bottom - stones, gravel, etc.
- Pour the soil mixture into the pit, and pour 2 buckets of water on top. It remains to wait for the day of landing.
Digging holes under the gooseberry, keep in mind that the bushes of this variety are medium in size. The optimal distance between the bushes is 2 m.
Selection of seedlings
Buy planting material in specialized nurseries or their stores. Signs of a suitable seedling:
- Age - 1-2 years.
- The root system is preferably closed rather than open. Seedlings with ZKS tolerate transplantation better, take root faster.
- The number of shoots is 2-3 pieces. Height - up to 45 cm. There should not be leaves on the shoots.
- The bark is even, smooth, without traces of mechanical damage and disease.
- The seedling should have 3 skeletal roots. The length of the rhizome is 15 cm.
Try to keep the roots of smaller seedlings in the air - if they dry out, this will adversely affect the health of the plant.
Step-by-step planting process
The order of planting a gooseberry seedling:
- Soak the seedling in water an hour before planting. Just before planting, dip the roots in a clay-dung mash.
- Cut off all damaged and weak branches of the seedling. When planting, cut each seedling into 4-5 buds.
- Rak up a mound on the soil mixture poured into the hole - you will place the roots of the seedling on it.
- Place the seedling in the hole. Place it at a slight slope. Spread out its roots. When planting seedlings, deepen the root collar by 5-7 cm.If the soil is light, then lower them even deeper - by 8-10 cm.
- Cover the roots with soil, shaking the seedling from time to time to fill the voids. Tamp the soil.
- Water the seedlings, each with 15-20 liters of water.
- Mulch the trunk circle with sawdust, straw, peat or humus.
Care Rules
Any gooseberry is good because it does not require increased attention. This unpretentious culture needs minimal care. The main thing is the timeliness of the measures taken, there are few of them, but each of them is important, both for productivity and for the life of the plant.
Read more on how to care for gooseberries in the fall after harvest.
Support
The gooseberry branches, devoid of support, bend to the very ground - this creates inconvenience and negatively affects the quality of the berries. So that the branches of the bush do not touch the ground, special bush holders are installed - they are sold in garden stores. Or they make supports on their own - from plastic or metal tubes, from wooden blocks or any other suitable material.
Benefits of using supports on gooseberry bushes:
- the plant becomes more compact, neat;
- lodging of branches is prevented;
- branches do not break off under the weight of snow or in the wind;
- berries do not stain the soil;
- care is simplified - weeding, loosening, watering.
Top dressing
Gooseberries are fed annually - soil nutrition directly affects its productivity. Feed order:
- Early in spring, potassium sulfate is scattered in the near-stem circle - 15 g per 1 sq. Km. m.
- After picking berries, the bush is watered with a nutritious mixture. One bucket is enough for 1 square. m. The composition of the mixture:
- 10 g of carbamide;
- 8 g of potassium sulfate;
- 20 g superphosphate;
- 10 l mullein (solution 1:10) silt and bird droppings (1:20).
Instead of a nutrient mixture, you can use a conventional compound fertilizer. Top dressing begins 2-3 years after planting.
Pruning bushes
Gooseberry Krasnoslavyansky is most suitable for the classical formation of a bush. The procedure and principles of pruning:
- In the first year of life, each shoot is cut off by a third, leaving 4-5 buds.
- Choosing 3-4 of the strongest basal shoots, all the others are cut out. Also remove all branches growing inside the bush or in the direction of the ground.
- In the second year of life, the shoots of the current year are again cut off by a third. Leave 6-8 strong basal shoots.
- In the third year, the bush should have 10-18 branches of different ages. Cut the bush in the same way as in the previous year.
- For 5-7 years, the bush has 16-20 branches. It's time for thinning. All branches older than 5-6 years are cut out - they are easy to distinguish by color, they are darker than others. The remaining cropping techniques are repeated.
It is recommended to prune gooseberries in the fall. In spring, pruning is done early, before buds open. As a result, the plant may undergo return frosts after pruning, and suffer.
Pruning is carried out annually. If you don’t trim the gooseberries, the berries will be small.
Adult bushes are subject to rejuvenating pruning - 2/3 of the shoots are removed from them, cutting them out at the root. Only the most powerful branches are left. You can remove all branches, leaving a stump 15 cm high. If you correctly cut the gooseberries, its fruiting is extended to 15 years.
Watering
Gooseberry is a drought-resistant crop, but there are periods in which it desperately needs moisture. Watering procedure:
- the formation of young shoots - from the 2nd decade of May to the 1st decade of June;
- formation and ripening of fruits - 2 and 3 decades of June;
- pre-winter watering - from the 3rd decade of September to the 2nd decade of October.
If autumn is rainy, winter winter watering can be omitted. The irrigation rate is determined taking into account the age of the bush. One bush has 2-6 buckets of water. Moisturizing depth - 35-40 cm, during water-charging irrigation - 60-70 cm.
The best watering method is drip irrigation. Or they use the groove method - they dig shallow grooves at a distance of 40 cm from the branches of the bush. The depth of the grooves is 10-15 cm. After absorbing moisture, the trunk circles are sprinkled with mulch. You can read more about the principles of mulching soil here.
Reproduction
The Krasnoslavyansky variety can be propagated in any of the following ways:
- Layering. Gooseberries can be propagated by horizontal, arcuate or vertical layers. One- and two-year-old shoots are taken for layering. To awaken the kidneys, pinch the tops.
- Branches. The method is used when propagating bushes older than 5 years. Choose a powerful branch, separate it along with part of the roots.
- By dividing the bush. This method is used mainly for bushes over 10 years old. The bush is dug up and divided into parts.
- By cuttings. The method allows you to get a lot of planting material. Lignified cuttings are obtained from shoots growing from the base. Cuttings are taken from bushes no older than 10 years.
Winter preparations
Variety Krasnoslavyansk frost-resistant and tolerates harsh winters. But this does not mean that the plant does not need to be prepared for winter. Preparation procedure:
- Collect and burn fallen leaves.
- Do not use fallen leaves as mulch - they may have wintering pests.
- Spray the bush with a 1% solution of Bordeaux fluid. Pour the earth with a solution of potassium permanganate (for 10 l - 1.5 g of potassium permanganate).
- Trim any broken, damaged and dry branches.
- Apply fertilizer to the soil and dig it to a depth of 10 cm.
- Sprinkle peat on the near-trunk circle - a layer of 10-15 cm.
- If the winter is snowy, cover the bushes with snow. If there is no snow, the bushes are covered with agrospan, spunbond or other covering material.
Pest and disease control
Variety Krasnoslavyanskiy has a fairly high immunity, but under adverse conditions and in the absence of preventive measures, this gooseberry can be affected by traditional diseases of berry crops. The most dangerous diseases for the Krasnoslavyansky variety are in table 1, the most dangerous pests are in table 2.
Table 1
Diseases | Symptoms | How to fight? | Prevention |
Powdery mildew | Leaves, shoots, berries are covered with a white bloom. Over time, it darkens, and the berries dry up, fall off, the leaves curl and die, the shoots are deformed. | Before budding, the bushes are sprayed with a solution of ferrous sulfate (30 g per bucket of water). During the growing season they are sprayed with Topaz (2 ml per bucket of water). | Compliance with agricultural technology. Moderate application of nitrogen fertilizers. Cleaning of fallen leaves. |
Anthracnose | Dark spots appear on the leaves. Leaves curl. | Before bud break - spraying with Bordeaux liquid 1%. 10 days after picking berries - re-spraying. | Avoiding waterlogging of the soil. Collection of fallen leaves. |
White spot | Gray spots with a dark brown border appear on the leaves. Over time, the spots turn white. Spots appear on berries, which dry and fall off. | Before budding, the bushes and soil are sprayed with Nitrafen (10 liters - 300 g). Spraying is repeated 10 days after picking berries. | Prevents thickening of the shrub. Collect and burn fallen leaves. |
table 2
Pests | Harm done | How to fight? | Prevention |
Gooseberry aphid | Suck the juice from the leaves. Leaves and shoots deform, twist and die. | Before bud break - Nitrafen (10 l - 300 g). During blooming - Karbofos (10 liters - 60 g). | Compliance with the basic rules of agricultural technology. |
Gooseberry Ognevka | They damage berries. They, when ripe, dry up, entangled in cobwebs. | Before flowering - spraying with a solution of ferrous sulfate (for 10 liters of water - 30 g). Collecting and destroying spider nests. After flowering - Metaphos spraying (10 ml per bucket of water). | Loosening the soil under the bush. Hilling bushes, mulching with peat or compost. Layer thickness - 10 cm. Mulch is removed immediately after flowering. |
Harvesting and storage
Collection starts at the end of July. The berries are put in a wooden or plastic container - gooseberries are stored or transported in it. The fruits are harvested unripe, if there is a long transportation, and put in a container up to 5 liters. Ripe gooseberries are placed in a container with a volume of up to 2 liters.
Gooseberries are kept in the refrigerator. They can be frozen or dried. At temperatures from +1 to + 4 ° C and humidity 85%, berries are stored for up to 4 days. Fruits that do not reach consumer ripeness last longer - up to 8 days.
Only fresh gooseberries are frozen. Frozen fruits are stored for 3-5 months. The berries are dried in drying cabinets. Dried gooseberries are very reminiscent of raisins. Dried fruits are stored for up to 2 months at temperatures from 0 to + 1 ° C, and at lower temperatures, the shelf life is increased to six months.
Birds like the berries of the Krasnaya Slavic gooseberry - they have to cover the bush with a net shortly before ripening. But only so that the cover does not touch the branches.
Reviews about gooseberry Krasnoslavyansky
Mikhail T., Kursk region According to the totality of features, I consider Krasnoslavyansky the best gooseberry. Delicious, fruitful, rarely sick. But there is a drawback - thorns. I pick berries only with coarse mittens.
Pavel P., Rostov Region The variety is ideal for planting in our climate. In recent years, the sun is very active - in the summer everything is baked. Due to pubescence, berries tolerate the sun well. The asset of the variety is a large harvest, endurance, undemandingness.
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Variety Krasnoslavyansky is not in vain considered one of the best - it is tasty, it makes excellent workpieces. This gooseberry is beneficial for commercial cultivation, while even a beginner can cope with its agricultural technology.
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