Mushrooms are a type of organism that does not belong to either the animal or the plant world. The taste and useful qualities of this product cannot be overestimated. Edible mushrooms in Tyumen begin to be harvested with the onset of warm weather in spring and continue until November.
Mushrooms in Tyumen
General characteristics
A mushroom calendar is a good assistant in harvesting a forest harvest, which tells you which mushrooms are best to look for in spring, summer or autumn.
Before collecting, it is worth deciding what the products will be used for; you need to know their main characteristics. Mushrooms have different tastes and degrees of edibility. Some are better cooked, while others will be much tastier when salted or pickled.
According to their characteristics of edibility, all mushrooms are divided into several categories:
- Category 1: edible;
- Category 2: conditionally edible;
- Category 3: inedible;
- Category 4: poisonous.
They, in turn, are divided into groups according to their taste characteristics:
- the most fragrant: all types of whites, butter;
- less aromatic: chanterelles, podduboviki, etc.;
- with a weak aroma and taste: mushrooms, millers, etc.
The latter are distinguished by a pungent taste and unpleasant aroma. They are difficult to process and require long soaking and pre-cooking. In Tyumen, they are not touched, because a lot of other good mushrooms with fewer problems of preliminary processing can be collected.
Mushrooms are carefully sorted out before use, washed and cleaned. Millers have their own characteristics, so it is better to collect them if there is a proven recipe for cooking.
You should not pick poisonous mushrooms: fly agarics, pale toadstool, etc.
Types of mushrooms in Tyumen
People go to harvest forest crops at any time of the year, if they know what edible species look like, which allows them not to be confused with poisonous or false brethren.
Spring views
Mushroom pickers go to the woods from early spring. In their favorite places, they find the first spring varieties:
- morels;
- lines;
- rows;
- two-ring champignons;
- raincoats;
- entolomes.
Lines and morels, under certain conditions, are capable of accumulating poisons in themselves, so they are carefully boiled or dried before use.
Morels must be boiled before cooking
Morels are of several types: conical, edible, tall. The characteristics of this organism are as follows:
- loves sunlight;
- grows in nutrient-rich soil;
- fruiting lasts from May to June;
- size - from 6 to 15 cm in height.
Description line:
- prefers to grow in conifers and mixed forests;
- bears fruit in April and May (one species occurs in autumn);
- fruit body - up to 15 cm in height;
- wrinkled cap;
- cap diameter - up to 30 cm;
- the leg is short, thick;
- the color of the leg is white;
- cap color from beige to reddish.
Another spring organism that is often found in the Tyumen region is the May row. Sometimes it is called St. George. It is more often found on the edges of deciduous forests, in parks and gardens.
Two-ring champignon (sidewalk) loves organic-rich soils. He is met in the first grass, on the roadside or in a city park. It appears at the end of May and already disappears in June. It has a pleasant taste, average aroma. Suitable for food in any form.
Summer views
With the onset of heat, mushroom pickers collect other species:
- white;
- boletus;
- aspen mushrooms;
- boletus;
- russula;
- mushrooms;
- spikelets;
- chanterelles, etc.
Spikelets are considered a subspecies of porcini mushrooms. They do not live long, they are found under aspen trees. Description:
- thick leg;
- the shape of the leg is cylindrical;
- color beige;
- the cap is dense, thick;
- cap color brown;
- medium aroma;
- at the break, the color changes from white to beige or gray.
Most often they are used immediately after collection. Boletus boletus can be found near them, especially after the first rains in June.
Porcini mushrooms are valued for their taste
Massively harvested russula at this time of the year. They love to grow in birch groves. Description of russula:
- height - up to 20 cm;
- the caps are wide and flat;
- diameter - up to 15 cm;
- the lower layer of the cap (hymenophore) is lamellar;
- the leg is hollow;
- strong aroma;
- the taste is pleasant;
- the leg is white;
- the pulp is fragile;
- the color does not change on the cut.
They are found in the forests of Tyumen from June to the end of autumn.
Autumn views
The end of August and the beginning of autumn are the most favorable periods for harvesting. Summer species have not yet disappeared, but autumn species are already appearing. Most often during this period, the following types are collected:
- russula;
- mushrooms;
- white;
- boletus;
- mushrooms;
- chanterelles, etc.
Chanterelles, appearing on mossy soil in June, like russula, delight mushroom pickers until mid-October.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
Chanterelles are allocated in a separate family Chanterelle (Cantarella). This was facilitated by the following features in their structure:
- The hymenophore, instead of thin plates characteristic of agaric fungi, in chanterelles on the underside of the cap is formed by rather thick forked folds with rounded edges.
- Basidia (structures for sexual sporulation) located on the surface of the folds of pseudo-plates are of the elemental type and are inherent exclusively to this family.
Chanterelles, like champignons, can be grown industrially, however, all qualities (taste and aroma) are lost, which became an insurmountable obstacle to their introduction into culture.
Flywheels with their green or brown caps are found until November. Autumn mushrooms from one stump will be able to feed the whole company.
Inedible and poisonous mushrooms
Poisonous mushrooms are deadly
In the forests of Tyumen there are poisonous and inedible species:
- fly agaric;
- toadstools;
- stropharia;
- cobweb;
- bilious;
- talker.
Stropharia hemispherical has a slightly strange appearance and is not familiar to everyone. It is considered a hallucinogenic species and grows in moist soils, sometimes found on dung heaps.
Irina Selyutina (Biologist):
Hemispherical stropharia belongs to the genus Stropharia of the same name and the Stropharia family. The mushroom got its name for the shape of the cap, which never opens. They are found from mid-summer almost until late autumn on manured soil or even just on manure. Stropharia is characterized by the presence of psilobicin in the pulp, which allows it to be attributed to the group of hallucinogenic mushrooms. Despite the fact that the psilobicin activity in the fungus is insignificant, and sometimes it is absent, it is impossible to consider the mushroom safe, because psilobicin is psychologically addictive.
Amanita muscaria is distinguished by a colorful hat on which white spots are located. Sometimes this species reaches large sizes. The mushroom is not eaten because of the poison.
The most poisonous is the pale toadstool. Many people die from its toxins. Outwardly, it looks like a honey agaric, the only difference is in a skirt on a leg. Gathering the crop, you need to carefully examine all the specimens, because the only toadstool that gets into the basket can spoil the entire harvest.
Mushroom places
For a trip to the forest, take a basket, sandwiches, water and a map of mushroom places.
- Chervishevsky tract: on it, 15 km from the city, there are good mushroom spots with porcini mushrooms, especially in the area of the Siberia sanatorium. Traditionally, boletus and boletus are collected here. If you go a little further, up to 9 km, there will be fewer people and more mushrooms.
- Lake Mullashi, Yalutrovsky tract: near the turn to this lake, just 25 km from Tyumen, there are many saffron milk caps and waves. Boletus grows near the road to the village.
- village Subbotino, village Malkovo: on the hillocks in these settlements there are many places for picking porcini mushrooms. Having driven a little further from the city, towards the village of Krivodanovo, it will be possible to collect a good harvest. There are many mushrooms and russula in the side of summer camps.
For porcini mushrooms, 30 buckets in 3 hours. Tyumen. Mushroom orgasm.
The mushroom season was opened in the Tyumen region
Purchase of mushrooms in the Yarkovsky district of the Tyumen region
- Old Tobolsk tract: on the way to it, 40 km from Tyumen, many redheads, white and boletus are gaining. It is better to get there by your own car. They go to the village of Bogandinsky, focusing on the village of Zhelezny bust. An asphalt road goes here. Then on the dirt road they reach the village of Novoatyalovo.
- 20 km from the city towards the highway: famous for the placers of white mushrooms. But the places here are deaf, so it's better to go with a guide.
Conclusion
There are many proven mushroom spots in Tyumen. In the forest, everyone, including beginners, will be able to collect a large number of healthy and tasty mushrooms that diversify the menu and add nutrients to the diet.